Much Ado About Nothing By William Shakespeare - 2685 Words

Much Ado about Nothing is a humorous play by William Shakespeare set in the city of Messina located in southern Italy. The acts have two main locations; Leonato’s house and his orchard. The others were sidelines; the church and the street where Dogberry and Verges discovered the villainy. Many scenes take place inside the several rooms of Leonato’s house, including scene 4 of Act 3. The main emergence of Benedick and Beatrice’s love story takes place in the orchard, without which the play is incomplete. The discovery of the evil plans of Don John by Dogberry and Verges, however, take place at a night time in order to create the suspension of what is about to happen in the dark hours of the night. Act 3 Scene 5 also takes place inside of†¦show more content†¦It is encircled by a number of puns, making the audience feel amused and at the same time interested as to what path the plot will follow further on. The scene opens with Hero and her two gentlewomen , Margaret and Ursula. Hero delicately asks Ursula to wake her cousin, Beatrice up as it is Hero’s wedding day. Once Ursula exits, the river of puns start to flow. In this particular scene, Margaret is the comedian as she twists and turns every little thing into something comical. The main purpose of Shakespeare to do so was, I believe, to keep the audience entertained and give them a break from all the dramatic complications going on. As Margaret and Hero prepare for the wedding day spending their time getting dressed, Hero’s wedding dress is described and it is further noticed that Margaret mentions the dress of the Duchess of Milan which proves to us that the value of clothing was very important for Shakespeare. He wanted the audience to have a clear perspective of the background Hero belonged to and by describing her dress as â€Å"a most rare fashion.† (line 15) It is soon enough that Hero’s next dialogue develops a mere expectation of suffering amon gst the audience. The lines â€Å"God give me joy to wear it, for my heart is exceeding heavy.† Shakespeare uses these words very carefully as he wants his audience to think of it at the back of their heads and expect something bad to occur very soon as the plot will progress. Even though this line contradicts theShow MoreRelatedMuch Ado About Nothing, By William Shakespeare1434 Words   |  6 PagesLove is never an easy concept to understand, let alone when everyone around you seems to be figuring it out and you feel out of the loop. In the play, Much Ado About Nothing, and the novel, Pride and Prejudice, this shows to be the main plot line. These are quite dated. However, a modern twist to this story line is also seen in the television series, Gossip Girl. It is the typical love story; the prospective pairs can only fall in love with each other once they recognize their isolation and fightRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing1285 Words   |  6 PagesMuch Ado About Nothing, is a comedic play by William Shakespeare thought to have been written in 1598 and 1599, as Shakespeare was approaching the middle of his career. (Wikipedia) This timeless play is generally considered one of Shakespeare’s best comedies, because it combines a cheerful mood with an intricate series of deceptions and miscommunications. It’s known for its hilarity, honor, shame and court politics. Shakespeare depicts different kinds of loving relationships- romantic love, familyRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing898 Words   |  4 PagesBeatrice, Benedick, and Love in Much Ado About Nothing William Shakespeare’s Much Ado About Nothing is set in thirteenth century Italy. The plot of the play can be categorized as comedy or tragicomedy . Villainy and scheming combine with humor and sparkling wordplay in Shakespeare s comedy of manners. Claudio is deceived into believing that Hero, is unfaithful. Meanwhile, Benedick and Beatrice have a kind of merry war between them, matching wits in repartee. This paper will attempt toRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing1204 Words   |  5 PagesI will be considering the role of the villain in Much Ado About Nothing, and will conduct rhetorical analyses that will proceed to view the perspective of the villain and his or her intentions. Much Ado About Nothing written by William Shakespeare intending this play to be a comedy. Although it is hard to comprehend the comedy within the play. The characters within this play are all linked together by having a relationship that looks like a telephone wire game. The c haracters dilemma develops anRead MoreMuch Ado About Nothing By William Shakespeare843 Words   |  4 Pages In the play Much Ado About Nothing, the theme of scandalous accusations, dishonesty, and its effects take a major role throughout the entirety of the play. However, the effects on a person’s honor vary hugely depending on the sex of the person. For a male, a jab at his honor is an insult, and most likely will result in an all out defense of his integrity in an effort to regain it. A woman, however, suffers far greater consequences. Her honor is based increasingly on her innocence (celibacy)Read MoreMuch Ado About Nothing by William Shakespeare Essay559 Words   |  3 PagesMuch Ado About Nothing by William Shakespeare The play has comedy, romance, suspense, action and a lot of drama twisted into several hundred lines of verse. In the end, however, everyone is happy and not a lot changes. Thus, Shakespeare shows the reader that although the play is enjoyable and witty, it really is not a very important piece of literature because of its subject matter. The play is important because it shows us that life itself is similarly enjoyable andRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing2083 Words   |  9 Pagesin the end, there are millions of ways that each individual defines love according to their experiences. One individual in particular is Shakespeare, who is widely known for expressing the significance of love in various plays of his, as he portrays several branches of love such as friendship, parental love, and romantic love. In Much Ado about Nothing, Shakespeare demonstrates the ways in which Claudio and Hero’s love shows the triumph of imagination over intelligence compared to Benedick and Beatrice’sRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing Essay1971 Words   |  8 PagesTransition in Much Ado About Nothing William Shakespeare’s Much Ado About Nothing, a comedy filled with differences between genders, witty banter between memorable characters Benedick and Beatrice, a plot of revenge that involves one character faking her death and let’s not forget the masquerade marriage that comes to readers at the end. Much Ado About Nothing, court politics while still maintain a profound amount of humor and wit. However, it is the honor and shame that is prominent in Much Ado About NothingRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing909 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s play Much Ado about Nothing traverses the complex social, and emotional trials and triumphs of romantic relationships; Shakespeare’s perspective on the subject is both very similar to ours today, and different. Although filled with sexual innuendos, and humorous trickery and shenanigans, Much Ado about Nothing also dives into the complexities of social anxieties, defense mechanisms to cope with the social pressures, and the emotions involved. First, the characters in MuchRead MoreDifferences Of Shakespeare And Much Ado About Nothing By William Shakespeare1668 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeare was a well known British writer who was known for the many plays and sonnets he wrote. This 16th century writer wrote a play called Much Ado About Nothing in the year 1598 (Alchin). This play consists of many characters meddling into each others lives, causing chaos, lots of drama, and even romance making for some very comedic entertainment. The title gives away a lot about the plot that it really is a lot about nothing. Shakespeare is regarded as a very influential writer in

Much Ado About Nothing By William Shakespeare - 2685 Words

Much Ado about Nothing is a humorous play by William Shakespeare set in the city of Messina located in southern Italy. The acts have two main locations; Leonato’s house and his orchard. The others were sidelines; the church and the street where Dogberry and Verges discovered the villainy. Many scenes take place inside the several rooms of Leonato’s house, including scene 4 of Act 3. The main emergence of Benedick and Beatrice’s love story takes place in the orchard, without which the play is incomplete. The discovery of the evil plans of Don John by Dogberry and Verges, however, take place at a night time in order to create the suspension of what is about to happen in the dark hours of the night. Act 3 Scene 5 also takes place inside of†¦show more content†¦It is encircled by a number of puns, making the audience feel amused and at the same time interested as to what path the plot will follow further on. The scene opens with Hero and her two gentlewomen , Margaret and Ursula. Hero delicately asks Ursula to wake her cousin, Beatrice up as it is Hero’s wedding day. Once Ursula exits, the river of puns start to flow. In this particular scene, Margaret is the comedian as she twists and turns every little thing into something comical. The main purpose of Shakespeare to do so was, I believe, to keep the audience entertained and give them a break from all the dramatic complications going on. As Margaret and Hero prepare for the wedding day spending their time getting dressed, Hero’s wedding dress is described and it is further noticed that Margaret mentions the dress of the Duchess of Milan which proves to us that the value of clothing was very important for Shakespeare. He wanted the audience to have a clear perspective of the background Hero belonged to and by describing her dress as â€Å"a most rare fashion.† (line 15) It is soon enough that Hero’s next dialogue develops a mere expectation of suffering amon gst the audience. The lines â€Å"God give me joy to wear it, for my heart is exceeding heavy.† Shakespeare uses these words very carefully as he wants his audience to think of it at the back of their heads and expect something bad to occur very soon as the plot will progress. Even though this line contradicts theShow MoreRelatedMuch Ado About Nothing, By William Shakespeare1434 Words   |  6 PagesLove is never an easy concept to understand, let alone when everyone around you seems to be figuring it out and you feel out of the loop. In the play, Much Ado About Nothing, and the novel, Pride and Prejudice, this shows to be the main plot line. These are quite dated. However, a modern twist to this story line is also seen in the television series, Gossip Girl. It is the typical love story; the prospective pairs can only fall in love with each other once they recognize their isolation and fightRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing1285 Words   |  6 PagesMuch Ado About Nothing, is a comedic play by William Shakespeare thought to have been written in 1598 and 1599, as Shakespeare was approaching the middle of his career. (Wikipedia) This timeless play is generally considered one of Shakespeare’s best comedies, because it combines a cheerful mood with an intricate series of deceptions and miscommunications. It’s known for its hilarity, honor, shame and court politics. Shakespeare depicts different kinds of loving relationships- romantic love, familyRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing898 Words   |  4 PagesBeatrice, Benedick, and Love in Much Ado About Nothing William Shakespeare’s Much Ado About Nothing is set in thirteenth century Italy. The plot of the play can be categorized as comedy or tragicomedy . Villainy and scheming combine with humor and sparkling wordplay in Shakespeare s comedy of manners. Claudio is deceived into believing that Hero, is unfaithful. Meanwhile, Benedick and Beatrice have a kind of merry war between them, matching wits in repartee. This paper will attempt toRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing1204 Words   |  5 PagesI will be considering the role of the villain in Much Ado About Nothing, and will conduct rhetorical analyses that will proceed to view the perspective of the villain and his or her intentions. Much Ado About Nothing written by William Shakespeare intending this play to be a comedy. Although it is hard to comprehend the comedy within the play. The characters within this play are all linked together by having a relationship that looks like a telephone wire game. The c haracters dilemma develops anRead MoreMuch Ado About Nothing By William Shakespeare843 Words   |  4 Pages In the play Much Ado About Nothing, the theme of scandalous accusations, dishonesty, and its effects take a major role throughout the entirety of the play. However, the effects on a person’s honor vary hugely depending on the sex of the person. For a male, a jab at his honor is an insult, and most likely will result in an all out defense of his integrity in an effort to regain it. A woman, however, suffers far greater consequences. Her honor is based increasingly on her innocence (celibacy)Read MoreMuch Ado About Nothing by William Shakespeare Essay559 Words   |  3 PagesMuch Ado About Nothing by William Shakespeare The play has comedy, romance, suspense, action and a lot of drama twisted into several hundred lines of verse. In the end, however, everyone is happy and not a lot changes. Thus, Shakespeare shows the reader that although the play is enjoyable and witty, it really is not a very important piece of literature because of its subject matter. The play is important because it shows us that life itself is similarly enjoyable andRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing2083 Words   |  9 Pagesin the end, there are millions of ways that each individual defines love according to their experiences. One individual in particular is Shakespeare, who is widely known for expressing the significance of love in various plays of his, as he portrays several branches of love such as friendship, parental love, and romantic love. In Much Ado about Nothing, Shakespeare demonstrates the ways in which Claudio and Hero’s love shows the triumph of imagination over intelligence compared to Benedick and Beatrice’sRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing Essay1971 Words   |  8 PagesTransition in Much Ado About Nothing William Shakespeare’s Much Ado About Nothing, a comedy filled with differences between genders, witty banter between memorable characters Benedick and Beatrice, a plot of revenge that involves one character faking her death and let’s not forget the masquerade marriage that comes to readers at the end. Much Ado About Nothing, court politics while still maintain a profound amount of humor and wit. However, it is the honor and shame that is prominent in Much Ado About NothingRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing909 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s play Much Ado about Nothing traverses the complex social, and emotional trials and triumphs of romantic relationships; Shakespeare’s perspective on the subject is both very similar to ours today, and different. Although filled with sexual innuendos, and humorous trickery and shenanigans, Much Ado about Nothing also dives into the complexities of social anxieties, defense mechanisms to cope with the social pressures, and the emotions involved. First, the characters in MuchRead MoreDifferences Of Shakespeare And Much Ado About Nothing By William Shakespeare1668 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeare was a well known British writer who was known for the many plays and sonnets he wrote. This 16th century writer wrote a play called Much Ado About Nothing in the year 1598 (Alchin). This play consists of many characters meddling into each others lives, causing chaos, lots of drama, and even romance making for some very comedic entertainment. The title gives away a lot about the plot that it really is a lot about nothing. Shakespeare is regarded as a very influential writer in

Role Of Corporate And Social Responsibility Essay - 701 Words

9/2/2015 BUAD 5600 SEC001 – Business, Government Society Tracy Gonzalez-Padron, PhD Module 3 Role of Business in Society Tadeas Lenner After reading these three articles, from my point of view, the main concern is the concept of corporate and social responsibility that businesses have to employees, consumers, investors, stakeholders and society in general. And if there should or should not be any responsibility at all. We can see how this idea evolved in the United States throughout the 20th century. Chester argues that business is human. It is composed entirely of human beings – they are large assets. (Chester, 1936)He suggests that workers must have working hours that allow leisure for physical, social, and cultural relaxation – a fresh approach to the business of living. Chester thinks that the human part in company needs to be taken care of. In contrast Friedman discusses how corporation and its managers should not be concerned with the human parts (society) and should solely be concentrated on profits. He argues that the company is mainly responsible to its owners, shareholders, managers and employees to generate great amount of income to provide high financial rewards. In other words, company stands on its own, what happens in society should not be a concern. Porter and Kramer think that a company needs to care both about what is happening in company and also what is happening in society in order to benefit both sides. They claim thatShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of Corporate Social Responsibility On Csr1666 Words   |  7 PagesOvertime,stakeholder demands for corporate social and environmental responsibility have been greatly increasing.According to Girod and Michael (2003,cited in Jones etal,2007 ) CSR is ‘a key tool to create, develop and sustain differentiated brand names. The importance and eminence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) across the business world started to increase during 1998-2007. Role conflicts often arise when competing demands like business goals and social goals are in question. The increaseRead MoreThe Role Of Corporate Social Responsibility On Global Politics1352 Words   |  6 Pageshas hindered countries development and exploited their communities. Though policies under the concept of corporate social responsibility has been implemented to enforce companies to take responsibility, nothing has really changed. More stringent policies of accountability and transparency must be made, so that positive change is enforced. So that multinational corporates would take responsibility for their actions, international policies and taxation systems should be set into place. MultinationalRead MoreThe Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Personal Managerial Effectiveness2968 Words   |  12 PagesExecutive Summary This report evaluates the roles of the CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) for increasing the level of managerial effectiveness of the employees based on ASDA. Application of the CSR practices can create several opportunities for retaining the best employees at the workplace. It can set up the standards of the employees by considering the flexibility at the workplace. It considers equality and diversity at the workplace and measures valid performance measurement scale. CSR applicationsRead MoreRole of Human Resource Management in Corporate Social Responsibility11278 Words   |  46 PagesROLE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY RESEARCH TOPIC ROLE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY INSTITUTE LIAQUAT COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT AND SCIENCES SUBMITTED TO KARACHI UNIVERSITY SUBMITTED BY SYED ARSALAN IMAM SUPERVISED BY SIR ZEESHAN BABER CLASS BS VIII COURSE TITLE PROJECT REPORT COURSE NUMBER BA (H)-622 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I offer my humblest thanks to  ALMIGHTY ALLAH, The most Beneficent and the MostRead MoreEnvironmental Issues in Africa and The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility1984 Words   |  8 Pageslands, and globalization. This region consists mostly of developing countries and over the years, has not been concerned about environmental issues until recently. The major concern of the government for many years has been the provision of basic social amenities to the people and development. Environmental protection was similar to maintenance of natural resources, while industrial pollution control and hazardous waste management were treated as incomprehensible. Even so, environmental problemsRead MoreThe Role Of Corporate Reputation Play Within Organizational Performance And Social Responsibility914 Words   |  4 Pages 1.What role does corporate reputation play within organizational performance and social responsibility? Develop a list of factors or characteristics that different stakeholders may use in assessing corporate reputation. Are these factors consistent across stakeholders? Why or why not? Having a decent notoriety is the most imperative variable for any business. An organization can spend numerous decades fabricating a decent notoriety with the utilization of value moral practices. The issue is theRead MoreIn this essay I will be discussing the role and impact of Corporate Social Responsibility in event1500 Words   |  6 PagesIn this essay I will be discussing the role and impact of Corporate Social Responsibility in event management in the 21st Century. I will research and report examples, with supporting evidence. Firstly, I shall begin with defining Corporate Social Responsibility and then I will turn my attention to the challenges of CSR along with, why it is crucial for businesses and what the outcomes are if Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is overlooked. Throughout this essay I will be providing examples ofRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility: Historical Perspective, Implications, Role, and Prospects and Governance in Bangladesh3395 Words   |  1 4 Pagesgoverning the passing of benefits and burdens of freehold covenants should be enunciated. Explain and illustrate. 1 .Introduction: The first question that needs to be answered is ‘what do we mean by corporate social responsibility or CSR?’ Corporate social responsibility can be defined as â€Å"the behavior that society commonly expects of businesses in matters of public concern.†[1] . One view of CSR suggests that the efforts of the firms should be intended exclusively for profit makingRead MoreThe Strategic Role of Human Resources Management in Promoting Corporate Social Responsibility in Business Organisations in Zimbabwe1764 Words   |  8 PagesTHE STRATEGIC ROLE OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN PROMOTING CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN BUSINESS ORGANISATIONS IN ZIMBABWE 1. InTRODUCTION This study will critically analyse how industry in Zimbabwe is exploiting the strategic role of Human Resources Management in promoting Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives in order to give their business organizations competitive advantage. This introduction presents a context of the research proposal and helps to clarify how fulfilment ofRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr )863 Words   |  4 Pagestechnology in the last century. The term of Corporate Social Responsibility appears more often into public’s concerned and it has become a hot issue in recent years. This essay is going to discuss and provide an overview of corporate social responsibility (CSR) by debate some key issue in this area. 1.2 What is Corporate Social Responsibility? In 1953, Bowen’s Social Responsibility of the Businessman firstly discusses the idea of corporate social responsibility. He states the relationship between society

Advertising in the 20th Century - 1193 Words

HISTORY 4990 Artifact Paper- 7UP and Early Advertising Molly Marton February 17, 2011 Advertising as it is known today finds its roots in the industrial expansion of the 1880s. The mass production and the lowering of prices on consumer goods meant that more items were available to more people than ever before. The construction of the transcontinental railroads provided a national market for a companys goods. Advertising a product changed from simply announcing the existence of a product in a dull, dry fashion to persuading the public they needed and deserved to own the product. By developing repeat customers, advertising also helped build brand loyalty for the company. Brand loyalty helps sell other existing and new products to†¦show more content†¦As time went on the advertisements became more complex with lengthy paragraphs that tell you why you need the product, what the product can do for you, and the social and medical benefits the product offers. â€Å"They provided more objective information about the product than subjective information about the hope s and anxieties of the consumer†. In the reading, â€Å"Apostles of Modernity† the author makes a claim that early advertisements were playing off of social anxieties the American public was experiencing at the time due to the shift in norms and values of the evolving American society. Lears explains, â€Å"by the early twentieth century that outlook had begun to give way to a new set of values sanctioning periodic leisure, compulsive spending, apolitical passivity, and an apparently permissive morality of individual fulfillment.† The older culture was suited to a production-oriented society of small entrepreneurs; the newer culture epitomized a consumption-oriented society dominated by bureaucratic corporations.† Scare copy advertising became prominent as the decade progressed. Negative appeal, scare copy sought to jolt the personal consumer into a new consciousness by enacting dramatic episodes of social failures and accusing judgments. Once the dramatic motion was made by the ad it stepped in to offer its help, like a friendly neighbor. T.J Jackson Lears goes on toShow MoreRelatedConsider the Role of Advertising as Part of Graphic Design in the 20th Century2338 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction Undoubtably there has been a growth in the use of graphics in the advertising industry over the past century. New communication mediums such the internet have opened the flood gate’s for new methods of advertising. Graphics have played a key role in how information is communicated through these new mediums. This paper explores the link bewteen Graphic Design as part of advertsing. The paper explores William Bernbach’s role in modern advertsing as well as considering three seperateRead MoreAunt Jemimas Advertising Campaign from the Late 19th to the Late 20th Century1597 Words   |  7 Pagesinspired them to use this very image as their company logo. Rutt and Underwood used many different ways to exploit this new image. They used posters, live appearances, memorabilia, and of course on the product itself. These two men practiced advertising in a way where it quickly linked image and product in such a way that a lasting impression is created in the publics mind. They used a clever promotion strategy that promoted the idea that Aunt Jemima was a real cook who made the best pancakesRead MoreCommunication During Pre Industrial Societies920 Words   |  4 Pageschanged. Companies began to increase profits and product awareness through advertising. Numerous ownerships of newspapers had developed as early as the 18th century. As the years went by the press industry was growing bigger and bigger as more and more people read newspapers. Today we look back and face the question whether the press was a medium for advertising in the 20th century, whereas the press was ‘free’ in the 19th century. 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As Professor Ambrosio (2011) states in A History of Suspicion, of the biggest intellectual and/or philosophical influences in that time period, Marx, Darwin, Freud, Nietzsche, and Dostoevsky each represents a decisively different view of history than the view ofRead MoreWomens Liberation in the 1920s Essay example1652 Words   |  7 Pageswere then allowed to vote, hold public office, gain a higher education, obtain new jobs, drastically change their appearance, and participate in entertainment and sports. However, there are some that say that females were still suppressed by the advertising industry and stereotypes. But even with those setbacks, women achieved a new way of life that affected the entire nation. A common misconception is that no women were allowed to vote before the 19th Amendment. In reality, females in most westernRead MoreThe Father Of Modern Advertising1434 Words   |  6 PagesCJ Curran 11/14/16 20th Century Art History Professor Young The Father of Modern Advertising The early 20th century was a period of unparalleled change and industrialization. Advertising, in particular, began to take a hold in western society and made significant advances due to multiple factors including an influx of new jobs, developments in production, and increase in consumerism. While Albert Lasker and Thomas J. Barratt made important contributions to advertising, Leonetto Cappiello shouldRead MoreChanges in Cigarette Advertistments Since the 20th Century Essay623 Words   |  3 PagesINTRODUCTION Advertising is a form of communication between producers and consumers attained through marketing which persuades, encourages or manipulates the consumer to be drawn to a certain good or service in order to increase recognition and promote sales. In order to successfully promote a good or a service, sellers use advertising techniques that have had to be altered and improved over time as fashion, values and standards of living change. Advertising research and marketing research worksRead MoreAnalysis Of Major Themes Of Chomsky s Manufacturing Consent948 Words   |  4 Pagesstock in varied forms of mass media. From Disney to Gannett we grow up with selective views of the world and shaped opinions based on TV ratings. There are many theories on hegemony in American society. Dr. Noam Chomsky, a preeminent authority in 20th century political philosophy, discusses how news media is a tool for disseminating propaganda provided by the powerful elite in his book Manufacturing Consent. He di scusses how American mass media is a tool of democracy to placate the majority of the populousRead MoreThe Rise Of Pop Art1657 Words   |  7 Pagesmoney to spend as the super markets were filled with all kinds of consumer goods . The economy was good and people were happy. Capitalizing on the post-war economic boom of the 1950s were advertisers. Advertising persuaded many, it told people what was popular, what was good, and what to buy. Advertising and glossy magazines were found everywhere, in the street, the highway, and even at the comfort of your own house as you opened the newspaper. This mass marketing phenomenon was incorporated with the

Ethics Leadership And Decision Making Australian Civil Engineering

Question: Discuss about the Ethics Leadership And Decision Making CERA. Answer: Introduction Civil Engineering Research Associates (CERA) is recognised as one of the leading organisations within the Australian Civil Engineering Industry. The organisation is not too much old in the industry as the firm was established in the year 2007. Since then the firm has succeeded to attain a positive, profitable and sustainable growth within the industry due to quality go-to consulting services in the civil construction industry of Sydney. The major aim of the organisation is to provide timely planning, high quality and structural civil engineering advice to the clients based in Australia. The management of CERA has asserted that they have 45 highly qualified and skilled employees in their firm. In addition, CERA has 15 independent contractors. The human resource management of the organisation has developed some important human resource management policies regarding the sustainability of the workplace as well as effective performance management of employees. Despite the adequate strate gy development process and implementation of those strategies in the business management process, the human resource management team of CERA is facing different types of challenges related to the performance management of employees. The major aim of this report is to analyse the ethical issues in the performance management related challenges faced by the management of CERA. Two different important managerial ethics theory will be implemented in this report to critically analyse the ethical dilemma. Moreover, the impact of these ethical theoretical concepts on the overcoming of the limitations will also be discussed. Some important recommendation plans will also be discussed to ensure adequate employee performance management through the consideration of the ethical perspectives. Ethical Dilemma Faced by CERA in Employee Performance Management Rachel Amaro, the manager and the professional training staff has expressed her concern regarding the employee performance appraisal, performance management and business process outcome of the organisation in near future. According to the human resource policy of the organisation, the human resource managers will always take care of the workplace demand and job satisfaction of the employees (Savery, 2015). There are different important driving factors, which enhance the motivation of employees and job satisfaction. Effective payment structure, standard working hours, limited workplace stress, effective employee engagement and high social recognition are some important employee motivation drivers. On the other hand, strong motivation and job satisfaction of the employees within the workplace actually assists an organisation to ensure quality workplace performance. Effective performance of the employees enhances adequate performance appraisal and performance management. Being a newly d eveloped organisation, CERA has attained a positive business growth within a decade and has grabbed a certain market share due to quality human resource management planning, implications and employees skills as well as performance level (Oleary et al. 2011). However, the human resource management of CERA is facing some critical workplace-related challenges in this contemporary era due to inadequate performance management process. Rachel Amaro has admitted that the employees are highly skilled and knowledgeable. On the other hand, she has also admitted that the organisation has developed some sustainable human resource management policies, but the management has stated that the organisation has failed to satisfy the demand of the skilled employees in the workplace regarding quality performance appraisal and performance management. She has expressed that the top human resource management professionals sometimes act as a school teacher. Despite good performance and hard work in critica l projects, the highly performing employees are rewarded poorly. Hence, she supported the existence of the bonus scheme, but critically criticised the pay-out for the high performance as rewards according to the bonus scheme (Oehlrich, 2016). This is also essential for the management of CERA to attain a quality business growth through effective employee motivation and high employee job satisfaction. However, the organisation management of CERA may face business profitability related issues in the near future if the firm does not satisfy the demands of the skilled employees through the consideration of quality performance management aspects. Hence, poor performance management, reward distribution and inappropriate performance appraisals are regarded as the major ethical dilemmas faced by CERA regarding the performance management of the skilled employees. Two Theoretical Concepts from Managerial Ethics Managerial ethics generally deals with the organisations' internal values, which is an integral part of the corporate culture of an organisation and shape the strategy development process concerning the socio-cultural responsibility with respect to the important external environmental factors. In this particular case, the human resource department of CERA has strongly focused on the development and implication of adequate human resource management policies and strategies to satisfy the needs of the employees (Mooman, 2012). In terms of the ethical dilemma, the skilled and performing employees of the organisation are facing critical workplace challenges in the business operation process due to poor performance appraisal and reward distribution. Therefore, this particular aspect can be regarded as one of the critical managerial ethics issues (Nair, 2014). Hence, the researcher will implement two important theoretical concepts from the field of managerial ethics to critically analyse th e ethical dilemma. Individualism approach and moral rights approach have been discussed in this part of the report. Individualism Approach Individualism approach is an important managerial ethics concept, which is considered by the management of different contemporary organisations to ensure a self-directed pathway by the organisational leader of a company to guide other individuals and followers to meet the developed organisational objectives. The effective individualism approach always concerns the growth and sustainability of each and every employee within a workplace of an organisation irrespective of different cultural traditions of people across the globe. The individualism approach is also applied by the organisational leaders or managers to maintain sustainability in the business management aspect (Mishra et al. 2013). This is important to know that the human resource department of CERA has focused on the development of employee oriented strategies and implementation of those strategies in the workplaces. Despite such approach, the human resource management professionals have failed to maintain a quality performance management and employee satisfaction (Lussier, 2014). According to the views of a senior manager, it has been identified that some skilled, knowledgeable and highly performing employees are not happy with the reward distribution and performance appraisals. Application of the individualism managerial ethics theoretical concept, it is transparent that human resource management leaders and managers are not considering this particular aspect in the human resource management process. Therefore, the skilled and competent employees are suffering from this particular issue. Low job satisfaction of the skilled employees due to inadequate performance management process at CERA can be regarded as an important individualism issue, which needs to be overcome the by the administrators as well as the human resource management professionals of the organisation. Moral Rights Approach Moral rights approach is also considered as an important strategic management approach, which generally assists the human resource management of an organisation to take care of the growth and satisfaction of each and every individual within an organisation maintaining the fundamental rights of the particular employees. Moral rights of employees within an organisation generally include the fundamental right for workplace safety, right for speech, right for freedom, right for appropriate wage rate and right for workplace safety and sustainability (Johns, 2005). According to the case facts of CERAs human resource management activities and strategy establishment process, it has been determined that the senior employees of the organisation are facing critical challenges. One of the senior managers of the organisation has expressed her view regarding the lack of employee motivation and employee satisfaction. It has been identified that the top management officials did not focus on the sust ainability and demand of the common employees, who are skilled enough and performing effectively (Singh Hardaker, 2014). According to the moral rights managerial ethics approach, the skilled and performing employees are facing some critical motivation related issues due to the consideration of poor business growth (Cole, 2015). However, the human resource management department of the organisation adopted some centralised approach in the human resource management and business decision making processes, which are affecting the workplace effectiveness and employee collaboration. In terms of the moral rights approach, the human resource management team of CERA is failed to capitalise on the possible effective human resource management approaches in the contemporary era. Hence, the moral rights of the employees have been violated due to the consideration of the poor performance management approaches by the human resource management professionals of CERA (Snell, 2010). Therefore, it is highly important for the human resource management professionals of CERA to consider this individualism, as well as moral ri ghts, the approach in the business operation process of the organisation to overcome the ongoing employee performance management related problem within the firm (Chen Huang, 2011). Impact of these Concepts on Managerial Practices The human resource management professionals of CERA need to integrate the individualism approach in the business decision making process to ensure a conflict-free workplace environment (Wilson, 2014). The workplace environment of CERA is facing human resource management problems due to the consideration of poor employee engagement and inadequate performance management problems. Hence, the organisational leaders of the organisation should go for the individualism approach. Individualism approach will assist the human resource management professionals to understand the demand and satisfaction level of the employees basis on the performance of the employees within a particular workplace (Buchanan, 2010). The organisational management is constantly trying to lead the civil engineering counselling industry in Australia through adequate client service. Hence, the effective performance of the employees needs to be ensured by the management of the organisation to ensure quality business mana gement approaches (West et al. 2010). Therefore, the implication of the individualism approach is highly necessary for the management of the organisation as this particular approach under the field of the managerial ethics will strongly support the human resource professionals as well as employees to lead the industry quite adequately by satisfying the demand of the skilled employees (Trkman, 2010). Most importantly, the organisations need to consider some important ethical human resource management aspects. This aspect will help the management to measure and evaluate the performance level of all the employees basis on the individual performance and contribution towards the growth of the business performance of CERA. Hence, the individualism ethical approach will help to focus on the development of performance level, needs and satisfaction level of the employees by ensuring the motivation level of all the employees (Beugelsdijk, 2010). Apart from the individualism approach, the human resource department of the organisation should also focus on the implication of the moral rights approach as it is one of the important managerial ethics approaches of an organisation. The employees are regarded as the important business growth drivers of an organisation. This is also essential to know that the employees are important stakeholders of an organisation. The business performance of an organisation always depends upon the quality workplace performance of an organisation. Hence, against the effective workplace performance, the employees also like to fulfil the individual dreams as well as satisfaction level (Ubah, 2016). The professional dreams and satisfaction level of the employees are generally met by the fulfilment of the criteria regarding the moral rights of the employees. According to the given case study, human resource management professionals are trying to satisfy the needs of the employees, but the employees are f acing difficulties to get effective performance appraisals from the human resource management professionals as well as team leaders of the organisation. The poor performance appraisal is also affecting the reward distribution as well as the workplace motivation level of employees (Adrichvi Yoon, 2014). Hence, it is causing inadequate workplace performance as such issues are affecting the workplace performance of the organisation. Hence, the human resource management of CERA should try to implicate some important human resource management approaches in the decision making process. Therefore, the consideration of the moral right human resource management approach is highly justified for the human resource management department. The moral rights approach will encourage the team leaders and management of the organisation to distribute reward and develop a wage distribution policies basis on the individual workplace performance of the employees. In an addition, the organisational manage ment should also consider adequate monitoring and evaluation of the strategies to maintain strong ethics and sustainability (Welch, 2012). Conclusion The Australian civil engineering construction industry is getting competitive day-by-day. However, CERA is regarded as one of the most potential organisations within the particular industry. The organisation is not that old within the industry but succeeded to attain a strong market position through adequate client service. The management of the organisation has developed adequate strategic and planned approaches and policies in the overall human resource management practices to maintain a strong ethics and sustainability in the overall business operation process. First of all, a firm should try to ensure a quality and skilled workforce for better business performance and competitive advantages. However, the skill, expertise, knowledge level and competency can be considered as some important aspects of the core competencies of the organisation. Despite these important strategic management aspects, the human resource management of CERA is facing some critical employee performance rela ted challenges. A senior manager has expressed her concern that the skilled employees are not gaining effective bonus amount or reward due to poor employee management process. This is also essential to accept that the employees are facing these particular challenges in the business operation process due to poor reviewing and evaluation of the decision making and strategy application process within the workplaces. Following recommendation plans will assist the human resource managers to overcome the possible challenges. Recommendations First of all, the human resource management team should consider the implication of the sustainable managerial ethical approaches in the decision making process to take care of the growth and sustainability of the human resource management practices. The individualism ethical approach and moral rights ethical approach will significantly assist the organisational management to take care of the ethical demands and moral fundamental rights of the employees of the organisation. Secondly, this is also important for the human resource management professionals of CERA to engage the important stakeholders in the decision making process. The important stakeholders include the senior managers, senior employees, shareholders etc. The engagement of these important stakeholders in the strategy development process will significantly assist the organisational management to develop ethical strategies, which can satisfy the fundamental rights of the skilled employees. In addition, this is also essential for the firm to ensure a quality workplace environment considering different conflict free approaches. The top management needs to consider the effectiveness of the overall communication approach by enhancing the effective integration of the skilled employees in the decision making process. The consideration of the skilled employees in the decision making process will significantly assist the firms to ensure quality sustainable business approaches. In an addition, effect ive bottom-up communication approach will also help the human resource management professionals of CERA to ensure an adequate performance management approaches as this particular aspect will assist to mitigate the communication gap between the skilled employees as well as the top management of CERA. References Ardichvii, A., Yoon, W. S. (2014). Designing Integrative Knowledge Management Systems: Theoretical Considerations and Practical Applications. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 11(3), pp. 307-320. Beugelsdijk, S. (2010). Strategic Human Resource Practices and Product Innovation. Organisation Studies, 29(8), 820-847. Buchanan, D. (2010). Organisational Behaviour. A Journal of Human Resource Management, 8(1), 29. Chen, C., Huang, J. (2011). Strategic human resource practices and innovation performance- The mediating role of knowledge management capacity, 62(1), 104-114. Cole, G. (2015). Organisational Behaviour. New York: Springer. Johns, G. 2005. Organisational Behaviour at Contemporary Era. A Journal of Strategic Management Approaches, 12(8), pp. 7-8. Lussier, N. R. (2014). Management Fundamentals. New York: Springer. Mishra, P., Fahnoe, C. Henriksen, D. (2013). Creativity, self-directed learning and the architecture of technology-rich environments. TechTrends, 57(1), p. 10. Mooman, L. (2012). Organizational Behavior and Culture. A Journal of Occupational and Organizational management, 1(1), p. 132. Nair, U. (2014). Channeling Contemporary Business Practices. International Journal of Business Management, 2(6), pp. 767-776. Oehlrich, M. (2016). Organisation and Restructuring. New York: McGraw-Hill. O'leary, M., Mortensen, M. Woolley, A. (2011). Multiple team membership: A theoretical model of its effects on productivity and learning for individuals and teams.Academy of Management Review, 36(3), pp. 461-478. Savery, J. (2015). Overview of problem-based learning: Definitions and distinctions. Essential readings in problem-based learning: Exploring and extending the legacy of Howard S. Barrows, 24(10), pp. 5-15. Singh, G. Hardaker, G. (2014). Barriers and enablers to adoption and diffusion: A systematic review of the literaturea need for an integrative approach. Education+ Training, 56(2/3), pp. 105-121. Snell, S. (2010). Managing Human Resources. New Jersey: Pearson. Trkman, P. (2010). The critical success factors of business process management. International journal of information management, 30(2), pp. 125-134. Ubah, M. (2016). The Alphabet of Leadership. New Jersey: Pearson. Welch, M. (2012). Appropriateness and acceptability: Employee perspectives of internal communication.. Public Relations Review, 38(2), pp. 246-254. West, D., Grant, T., Gerush, M. Dsilva, D. (2010). Agile development: Mainstream adoption has changed agility. Forrester Research, 2(1), p. 41. Wilson, R. (2014). Organizational Behaviour. Global Business Management, 2(3), p.10

Sustainability Evolution in Property Market †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Sustainability Evolution in Property Market. Answer: Introduction: The proponents of the proposed project believe that the project would create job opportunities to the locals. According to these narratives, over 10,797 jobs would be available courtesy of this project. The proponents of this project have a strong belief that this would be a long time solution to the challenge of unemployment which has been a thorn in the flesh in the contemporary society. Strategically this is one of the positive impacts that are likely to be more popular with the locals around the area which the project is set to occupy and thus acquire their full support and endorsement (Ray, 2016). However, in the same argument, the total number of jobs created will be directly proportional to both the scope and size of the project. From my perceptive though, the Adani Carmichael mine projects in Australia would also affect other employment opportunities from related companies who may be forced to downsize due to increased competition or reduced number of clients. Dr. Fahrer further argues that the proposed project will not have any impact on the e environmental factors. In fact, he particularly quantifies the net effect as zero. However, it is argued that such a project cannot have zero impact on the environmental factor i.e (EEOC, 2017). Water, air, and soil. Such a creation is thus read bay most of the critics as not only mischievous but also dishonest (Kahkonen, 2011). On the other hand, Dr. Fahrer in his model argues that the introduction of the proposed project will have an effect on the overall World coal output. According to his argument presented by Dr. Fahrer, there is, however, no quantification of the extent to which such output shall potential falls (Yin, 2003). The only argument presented in the model is based on the fall of an overall world output if the new proposed project sees the light of the day in Australia. This argument has further been used by his critics to squash the argument presented in this model. Dr. Fahrer uses an economic model based on a simple mathematical approach to have deep analysis on the economic effects. In this methodology deployed, Dr. Fahrer does not take into account the contribution of external factors e.g. Environmental factors and other related human resource factors. This methodology is viewed to be in isolation and thus not only unrealistic but also unreasonable (Schreier, 2012). The approach fails to address fundamental issues that are increasingly necessary for the assessment of the project viability (Warren-Myers, 2016). Significantly, the model does not achieve much in addressing the actual qualities raised in various sections in the methodology hence making the presentation appear vague (Todd, 2015). It is worth noting that this methodology approach is not appropriate in achieving assessment goals since it leaves a number of loose ends and fails generally to exhaustively address the key external factors that have great impacts on the economic discours e of a project. The assumptions made by Dr. Fahrer tell much about the choice of his model. To begin with, Dr. Fahrer assumes that once the Carmichael project is officially opened and becomes operational in Australia, there would a generally reduced World coal output. He further states in his assumption that that most of the companies dealing in coal will either be forced to downsize or close down (Affidavit of Jerome Gregory Fahrer, 2015). Dr. Fahrer, however, fails to give out an elaborate competitive ability of Adani Carmichael project that will outdo the other established companies of forcing them to close down. Further, this assumption does not point out on this single company will serve the entire world population in case the rest of the companies closed down. Moreover, the assumption by Dr. Fahrer that the general cost of coal will fall after the inception the Adani Carmichael project is challengeable. This assumption does not take into account the significance the proposed Adani Carmichael project against world population. In reality, the output of the project would be too insignificant to affect the overall prices of coal in the world (Wolbers, 2016). This assumption is so inappropriate that it did not include the statics of general coal consumption in the world against the proposed output from Adani Carmichael project. In the field of creation of job opportunities, the model presents that a whopping 10,979 would be created through this proposed project. This is seemingly unachievable since such a number a number of opportunities depend on other external factors which are still empty assumptions (Kahkonen, 2011). He also predicts impacts on other industries e.g. agriculture and food employment is predicted to decline by around 200 jobs (Affidavit of Jerome Gregory Fahrer, 2015). In this case, Fahrer present an assumption of the creation of new job opportunities at the expense of other already available opportunities which makes the assumption ridiculous and inappropriate. Further, Fahrer in his assumption fails to give an account of why the assumption foresees a decline of opportunities in other sectors. The quantifications made by Fahrer in this model are comparatively insensitive and have generally failed to give the actual and realistic figures. Fahrer puts the quantification of the environmental effects of the project at zero (Individual Expert Report for Computable General Equilibrium Modelling and Cost Benefit Analysis, 2015). This kind of quantification is biased and misleading. Arguably this is one of the shortcomings of a model that disregards the contribution of external factors in the general economic output of the project (Affidavit of Jerome Gregory Fahrer, 2015). It is worth noting that the numbe10, 979 that is attributed to the new job opportunities by Fahrer in his model is not anchored in any scope and data and is insensitive of several factors that make up such analysis. Even though Fahrer mentions the effect of the proposed Adani Carmichael project on other related companies in the world citing that this company in Australia could force other companies to close down he fails to give out an account of the input this company would bring to the world to replace the rest of the established companies (IMF, 2014). Fahrer, who is the proponent of this project, is being so insensitive to the number of people being served with the current coal energy against the output from the proposed Adani project which critics argue could just be too insignificant to achieve any viable change. Cost and Benefit analysis is a very important process in assessing and finally determining the general viability of a given project n relation to the economic social and political pillars. If I am given an opportunity to re-conduct a socio-economic Cost Benefit Analysis on the proposed Adani project then I would above all ensure that my analysis is based on achievable parameters and address other important external factors that would have an impact in the proposed project (Ellet, 2012). I would be specific on every element used in the analysis to ensure that I dont base the overall analysis on hasty generalization. In this regard, I am convinced that the CBA shall achieve its objectives and provide a realistic and achievable blueprint for the inception of the proposed project. To begin with, I will quantify different parameters in my analysis e.g. impacts and actual benefits accruing from the project. If for instance, the analysis is talking about the creation of new job opportunities from the potential project, I would go further and give the details of the types of jobs to be created (Cline, 2016). Are the jobs formal or informal? How many opportunities are likely to arise from each department? I would go further n analyzing the correlation between these jobs and other pre-existing opportunities in other departments (Lewis, 2015). I would have specific analysis on whether the creation of job opportunities in this proposed project would potentially affect other opportunities in other sectors by giving specific sectors that are likely to be affected and the number of employees who are likely to sent packing if the Adani proposed project sees the light of the day. To fully evaluate the viability of the project pays more attention to the specific benefits from the proposed project against the challenges anticipated. If the project will raise revenue for the Australian government, I would look at the projected amount of revenue that can come out of the project annually and the general impact of the project on the environmental factors e.g. pollution. To what extent can the project release potential pollutants to the environment and which quotas are likely to be affected. If that is the case, is the proposed project worth it? That notwithstanding I would have a critical analysis of the total amount of money required to set up this project against its returns. F the project does not seem to give out the returns which are equivalent to capital invested in starting it up, then that raises a key viability question. This will be a very important discourse in analyzing the viability of the project to both internal and external socio-economic factors. Moreover, I would use an economic model that simple and realistic. My model will take cognizance of other external factors that contribute to the social and economic status of the project. This model will not be blind on the analysis of the location of the project in terms of the occupants and how the prevailing demographic factors e.g. age, sex, and the educational backgrounds are likely to play out in the proposed project. Notably, the assumptions in my model would be based on established case studies and in-depth analysis. If one of my assumptions is that the inception of this project reduces the general world output of coal then I must go deep into giving out the existing number of coal projects and their output as at current so as to evaluate if my assumption is realistic. I would evaluate the number that can be served by the proposed project to address the assumptions on the competitive ability of the project and whether it may play a significant role in closing down of other e xisting coal projects or results into downsizing in some related companies. I believe that all these suggestions are viable and justified since they strive to achieve the set objectives in a simpler and more realistic approach. As a matter of fact, an analysis that gives out an appropriate and factual quantification can stand the test of time (Klenke, 2016). Above all social and economic viability of a particular project can only be evaluated based on realistic quantifications and assumptions as opposed to digressions, hearsays and hasty generalizations that may be misleading and unrealistic. Even though it is a common practice for the mother governments to give out concessional loans to projects that may be deemed viable, the social impacts of the concessional loan of $1 billion by the Australia Government for Adani to build a rail line between its proposedCarmichael coal mineand the Abbot Point shipping terminal cannot be wished away. To begin with, the proposed concessional loan is likely to increase the cost of living and operations for most individuals and organizations in Australia. This is because the government is likely to turn back to the people and organization to meet the cost of this loan through taxes. By the end of the day, the tax pay citizens of Australia and organizations are going to be the first people to feel the pinch of this concessional loan as the will be forced to dig deeper into their pockets (Naude', 2013). Secondly, this concessional loan may contribute largely to an economic crisis that shall directly impact on members of the community and organizations if the project fails the viability test and fails to pay back the loan. In my opinion, I dont think if the proposed loan rate is fare to some groups of consumers in the Australian community who struggle day and night to make ends meet. This concessional loan shall only add a burden on their shoulder and might not achieve much in benefiting the community in the long run. This is a pointer that the implementation of this project is due to take off at the expense of the peoples livelihood and welfare. Personally, I would not support the issuance of the proposed concessional loan of $1 billion by the Australia Government since it could plunge the Australian government into an economic crisis if the project fails to pay back. Moreover, the loan shall be a burden to the common taxpayers despite all the risks of not passing the viability tests. References Affidavit of Jerome Gregory Fahrer, 33046669v3 (Land Court of Queensland January 30, 2015). Cline, W. (2016). Managing the Euro Area Debt Crisis. Columbia University Press. EEOC. (2017, June 21). Laws, Regulations, and Guidance. Retrieved August 19, 2017, from Equal Employment Opportunity Commission: https://www.eeoc.gov Ellet, W. (2012). The Case Study Handbook: How to Read, Discuss, and Write Persuasively about Case Studies. Boston: Harvard Business School Press. IMF. (2014). IMF Response to the Financial and Economic Crisis. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund. Individual Expert Report for Computable General Equilibrium Modelling and Cost-Benefit Analysis (The Land Court of Queensland March 16, 2015). Kahkonen, A.-K. (2011). Conducting a case study in supply management. OSCM Journal , 31-41. Klenke, K. (2016). Qualitative research in the study of leadership. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Lewis, S. (2015). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches . Health promotion practice , 473-475. Naude', W. (2013). Entrepreneurship and economic development: Theory of evidence and policy. Browser Download This Paper , 15-43. Ray, J. (2016). Abercrombie Fitch: A Strategic Position. Schreier, M. (2012). Qualitative Content Analysis in Practice. Sage , 227-245. Todd, P. (2015). Introduction: Australian industrial relations in 2014. Journal of Industrial Relations , 325-332. Warren-Myers, G. (2016). Sustainability evolution in the Australian property market: Examining valuers comprehension, knowledge and value. Journal of property investment and finance , 578-601. Wolbers, M. (2016). A generation list? Prolonged effects of labour market entry in times of high unemployment in Netherlands. Research in social stratification mobility , 51-59. Yin, R. K. (2003). Case Study Research: Design and Methods. Sage .